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Ettehade Jomhourikhahan-e Iran (EJI) P R O P O S E S A P L A T F O R M for A DEMOCRATIC AND SECULAR REPUBLIC IN IRAN |
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Kommentar
über “AMERICAN
SERVICE-MEMBERS’ PROTECTION ACT (ASPA)” Konflikt
der USA mit dem Internationalen Strafgerichtshof (ICC) Der US-Senat hat am 6. Juni 2002 die US-Regierung
den sogenannten “American Servicemembers’ Protection Act” (ASPA) als
Anhang zu einem zusätzlichen Budgetgesetz H.R. 4775 mit einer Mehrheit von 75
zu 19 Stimmen gebilligt. Der ASPA, auch “The Hague Invasion Act” tituliert,
wurde ursprünglich von Senator Jesse Helms eingebracht und passierte bereits am
24. Mai 2002 das Repräsentantenhaus. Nach dem Gesetz wäre es dem US-Präsidenten
möglich, amerikanische Angeklagte vor dem Internationalen Gerichtshof, der in
Den Haag eingerichtet wird, auch mit militärischer Gewalt zu “befreien”. Für
die Politiker, die hinter der amerikanischen Hegemonie-Politik von Präsident
Bush stehen, ist das Gesetz wichtig, um die wachsende Präsenz von US-Truppen
und deren Interventionen in vielen Ländern auf der ganzen Welt zu schützen und
in einem rechtsfreien Raum zu lassen. Die USA vermeiden die Annerkennung des
Internationalen Gerichtshofs
Die US-Regierung hat unlängst mit einem bislang
einmaligen Schritt die Unterschrift unter das Statut von Rom zurückgezogen, um
so jede Anerkennung des Internationalen Gerichtshofs (ICC) zu vermeiden. Vor dem
ICC soll Menschen der Prozess gemacht werden, die sich schwerer Verbrechen
schuldig gemacht haben (Völkermord, Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit,
Kriegsverbrechen in Form von schweren Verletzungen der Genfer Konventionen oder
anderen schweren Verstößen gegen Abkommen für bewaffnete Konflikte und
“Verbrechen der Aggression”. Aufgaben der ICC und die Einwände der
USA
Anfang April 2002 hatten mehr als 60 Staaten das
Statut ratifiziert, wodurch der ICC ins Leben gerufen werden konnte. Die US-Regierung
fürchtet eine “Politisierung der Justiz” und hat Sorge, dass amerikanische
Soldaten, Staatsangestellte oder Politiker im Ausland willkürlich angeklagt und
vor den Gerichtshof gestellt werden könnten. Aufgrund der von den USA
vorgebrachten Einwände wurden bereits viele Sicherheitsmaßnahmen für den ICC
eingebaut, die im Grunde verhindern, dass jemals ein US-Soldat angeklagt und
verurteilt werden könnte. Mit der wenig verbindlichen Unterschrift wären die
USA nur verpflichtet gewesen, die Arbeit des ICC nicht zu behindern. Wirklich
Gefahr gelaufen wären jedoch wohl Regierungsmitglieder, Soldaten oder andere
US-Vertreter nicht, außerhalb der USA in einem Mitgliedsland aufgegriffen und
vor den ICC gestellt zu werden. Gleichwohl hatte neben dem Argument, dass US-Bürgern
vor dem UN-Gericht nicht alle Rechte zukommen würden, die ein US-Bürger habe,
eben das die US-Regierung als wesentlichen Grund für die Zurückziehung der
Unterschrift genannt. Vor allem im Rahmen des von den USA geführten Kriegs
gegen den Terrorismus, dessen Spielregeln die US-Regierung unter Umgehung aller
internationaler Abkommen selbst absteckt, will man weiterhin freie Hand haben
und nicht belangt werden können. Pierre-Richard Prosper, der Gesandte der
amerikanischen Regierung für Kriegsverbrechen, sagte in einem Interview für
das Crimes of War Project, man stimme “prinzipiell” mit dem ASPA überein,
dass Regierungsangestellte geschützt werden müssen: “Es geht nur darum, die
Einzelheiten auszuarbeiten, wie man diesen Schutz am besten gewährleistet.” Der Präsident wird ermächtigt, militärisch
in den Niederlanden einzugreifen
Das vom Senat gebilligte Gesetz im Rahmen des
H.R.4775 (2002 Supplemental Appropriations Act for Further Recovery From and
Response To Terrorist Attacks on the United States) würde den US-Präsidenten
ermächtigen, alle Maßnahmen bis hin zur militärischen Invasion für den Fall
zu ergreifen, dass einem US-Bürger oder einem Angehörigen eines alliierten
Staates wegen Kriegsverbrechen oder Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit der
Prozess vor dem ICC in Den Haag gemacht werden sollte. Die
Sprache wurde zwar gegenüber vorherigen Versionen gemäßigt, aber das Spektrum
möglicher Aktionen schließt Gewalt nicht aus: “The President is authorized
to use all means necessary and appropriate to bring about the release of any
person described in subsection (b) who is being detained or imprisoned by, on
behalf of, or at the request of the International Criminal Court.” Der ASPA verbietet überdies kategorisch die
Zusammenarbeit der USA mit dem ICC und soll auch eine Beteiligung der USA an
friedenssichernden Einsätzen der UN so lange verhindern, bis die amerikanischen
Soldaten von der Strafverfolgung durch den ICC ausgenommen worden sind. In früheren
Fassungen war vorgesehen, keine militärische Hilfe an die Staaten zu leisten,
die den ICC-Vertrag ratifiziert haben und nicht der Nato angehören oder
wichtige Verbündete wie Ägypten, Israel oder Taiwan sind. Dieser Passus wurde
dann auf Druck der Regierung abgeändert, so dass nun der Präsident die
Entscheidung über weitere Ausnahmen treffen kann. Original Text: H.R.4775 “AMERICAN
SERVICE-MEMBERS’ PROTECTION ACT (ASPA)” One
Hundred Seventh Congress of
the United
States of America AT
THE SECOND SESSION Begun
and held at the City of Washington on Wednesday, the twenty-third day of
January, two thousand and two An Act
– Making supplemental appropriations for further recovery from and response to
terrorist attacks on the United States for the fiscal year ending September 30,
2002, and for other purposes. Be it
enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That the following sums are appropriated, out of
any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year ending
September 30, 2002, and for other purposes, namely: TITLE
I—SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS This
title may be cited as the `American Servicemembers’ Protection Act of 2002’. SEC.
2002. FINDINGS. Congress
makes the following findings: (1) On
July 17, 1998, the United Nations Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on
the Establishment of an International Criminal Court, meeting in Rome, Italy,
adopted the `Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court’. The vote on
whether to proceed with the statute was 120 in favor to 7 against, with 21
countries abstaining. The United States voted against final adoption of the Rome
Statute. (2) As
of April 30, 2001, 139 countries had signed the Rome Statute and 30 had ratified
it. Pursuant to Article 126 of the Rome Statute, the statute will enter into
force on the first day of the month after the 60th day following the date on
which the 60th country deposits an instrument ratifying the statute. (3)
Since adoption of the Rome Statute, a Preparatory Commission for the
International Criminal Court has met regularly to draft documents to implement
the Rome Statute, including Rules of Procedure and Evidence, Elements of Crimes,
and a definition of the Crime of Aggression. (4)
During testimony before the Congress following the adoption of the Rome Statute,
the lead United States negotiator, Ambassador David Scheffer stated that the
United States could not sign the Rome Statute because certain critical
negotiating objectives of the United States had not been achieved. As a result,
he stated: `We are left with consequences that do not serve the cause of
international justice.’. (5)
Ambassador Scheffer went on to tell the Congress that: `Multinational
peacekeeping forces operating in a country that has joined the treaty can be
exposed to the Court’s jurisdiction even if the country of the individual
peacekeeper has not joined the treaty. Thus, the treaty purports to establish an
arrangement whereby United States armed forces operating overseas could be
conceivably prosecuted by the international court even if the United States has
not agreed to be bound by the treaty. Not only is this contrary to the most
fundamental principles of treaty law, it could inhibit the ability of the United
States to use its military to meet alliance obligations and participate in
multinational operations, including humanitarian interventions to save civilian
lives. Other contributors to peacekeeping operations will be similarly
exposed.’. (6)
Notwithstanding these concerns, President Clinton directed that the United
States sign the Rome Statute on December 31, 2000. In a statement issued that
day, he stated that in view of the unremedied deficiencies of the Rome Statute,
`I will not, and do not recommend that my successor submit the Treaty to the
Senate for advice and consent until our fundamental concerns are satisfied’. (7) Any
American prosecuted by the International Criminal Court will, under the Rome
Statute, be denied procedural protections to which all Americans are entitled
under the Bill of Rights to the United States Constitution, such as the right to
trial by jury. (8)
Members of the Armed Forces of the United States should be free from the risk of
prosecution by the International Criminal Court, especially when they are
stationed or deployed around the world to protect the vital national interests
of the United States. The United States Government has an obligation to protect
the members of its Armed Forces, to the maximum extent possible, against
criminal prosecutions carried out by the International Criminal Court. (9) In
addition to exposing members of the Armed Forces of the United States to the
risk of international criminal prosecution, the Rome Statute creates a risk that
the President and other senior elected and appointed officials of the United
States Government may be prosecuted by the International Criminal Court.
Particularly if the Preparatory Commission agrees on a definition of the Crime
of Aggression over United States objections, senior United States officials may
be at risk of criminal prosecution for national security decisions involving
such matters as responding to acts of terrorism, preventing the proliferation of
weapons of mass destruction, and deterring aggression. No less than members of
the Armed Forces of the United States, senior officials of the United States
Government should be free from the risk of prosecution by the International
Criminal Court, especially with respect to official actions taken by them to
protect the national interests of the United States. (10) Any
agreement within the Preparatory Commission on a definition of the Crime of
Aggression that usurps the prerogative of the United Nations Security Council
under Article 39 of the charter of the United Nations to `determine the
existence of any …. act of aggression’ would contravene the charter of the
United Nations and undermine deterrence. (11) It
is a fundamental principle of international law that a treaty is binding upon
its parties only and that it does not create obligations for nonparties without
their consent to be bound. The United States is not a party to the Rome Statute
and will not be bound by any of its terms. The United States will not recognize
the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court over United States
nationals. SEC.
2003. WAIVER AND TERMINATION OF PROHIBITIONS OF THIS TITLE. (a)
AUTHORITY TO INITIALLY WAIVE SECTIONS 5 AND 7- The President is authorized to
waive the prohibitions and requirements of sections 2005 and 2007 for a single
period of 1 year. A waiver under this subsection may be issued only if the
President at least 15 days in advance of exercising such authority— (2)
determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that the
International Criminal Court has entered into a binding agreement that— (i)
covered United States persons; (ii)
covered allied persons; and (iii)
individuals who were covered United States persons or covered allied persons;
and (B)
ensures that no person described in subparagraph (A) will be arrested, detained,
prosecuted, or imprisoned by or on behalf of the International Criminal Court. (b)
AUTHORITY TO EXTEND WAIVER OF SECTIONS 5 AND 7- The President is authorized to
waive the prohibitions and requirements of sections 2005 and 2007 for successive
periods of 1 year each upon the expiration of a previous waiver pursuant to
subsection (a) or this subsection. A waiver under this subsection may be issued
only if the President at least 15 days in advance of exercising such
authority— (2)
determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that the
International Criminal Court— (I)
covered United States persons; (II)
covered allied persons; and (III)
individuals who were covered United States persons or covered allied persons;
and (ii)
ensures that no person described in clause (i) will be arrested, detained,
prosecuted, or imprisoned by or on behalf of the International Criminal Court;
and (B) has
taken no steps to arrest, detain, prosecute, or imprison any person described in
clause (i) of subparagraph (A). (c)
AUTHORITY TO WAIVE SECTIONS 4 AND 6 WITH RESPECT TO AN INVESTIGATION OR
PROSECUTION OF A NAMED INDIVIDUAL- The President is authorized to waive the
prohibitions and requirements of sections 2004 and 2006 to the degree such
prohibitions and requirements would prevent United States cooperation with an
investigation or prosecution of a named individual by the International Criminal
Court. A waiver under this subsection may be issued only if the President at
least 15 days in advance of exercising such authority— (2)
determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that— (B)
there is reason to believe that the named individual committed the crime or
crimes that are the subject of the International Criminal Court’s
investigation or prosecution; (C) it
is in the national interest of the United States for the International Criminal
Court’s investigation or prosecution of the named individual to proceed; and (D) in
investigating events related to actions by the named individual, none of the
following persons will be investigated, arrested, detained, prosecuted, or
imprisoned by or on behalf of the International Criminal Court with respect to
actions undertaken by them in an official capacity: (i)
Covered United States persons. (ii)
Covered allied persons. (iii)
Individuals who were covered United States persons or covered allied persons. (d)
TERMINATION OF WAIVER PURSUANT TO SUBSECTION©- Any waiver or waivers exercised
pursuant to subsection© of the prohibitions and requirements of sections 2004
and 2006 shall terminate at any time that a waiver pursuant to subsection (a) or
(b) of the prohibitions and requirements of sections 2005 and 2007 expires and
is not extended pursuant to subsection (b). (e)
TERMINATION OF PROHIBITIONS OF THIS TITLE- The prohibitions and requirements of
sections 2004, 2005, 2006, and 2007 shall cease to apply, and the authority of
section 2008 shall terminate, if the United States becomes a party to the
International Criminal Court pursuant to a treaty made under article II, section
2, clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States. SEC.
2004. PROHIBITION ON COOPERATION WITH THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT. (a)
APPLICATION- The provisions of this section— (2)
shall not prohibit— (B)
communication by the United States of its policy with respect to a matter. (b)
PROHIBITION ON RESPONDING TO REQUESTS FOR COOPERATION- Notwithstanding section
1782 of title 28, United States Code, or any other provision of law, no United
States Court, and no agency or entity of any State or local government,
including any court, may cooperate with the International Criminal Court in
response to a request for cooperation submitted by the International Criminal
Court pursuant to the Rome Statute. (c)
PROHIBITION ON TRANSMITTAL OF LETTERS ROGATORY FROM THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL
COURT- Notwithstanding section 1781 of title 28, United States Code, or any
other provision of law, no agency of the United States Government may transmit
for execution any letter rogatory issued, or other request for cooperation made,
by the International Criminal Court to the tribunal, officer, or agency in the
United States to whom it is addressed. (d)
PROHIBITION ON EXTRADITION TO THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT- Notwithstanding
any other provision of law, no agency or entity of the United States Government
or of any State or local government may extradite any person from the United
States to the International Criminal Court, nor support the transfer of any
United States citizen or permanent resident alien to the International Criminal
Court. (e)
PROHIBITION ON PROVISION OF SUPPORT TO THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT-
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no agency or entity of the United
States Government or of any State or local government, including any court, may
provide support to the International Criminal Court. (f)
PROHIBITION ON USE OF APPROPRIATED FUNDS TO ASSIST THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL
COURT- Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no funds appropriated under
any provision of law may be used for the purpose of assisting the investigation,
arrest, detention, extradition, or prosecution of any United States citizen or
permanent resident alien by the International Criminal Court. (g)
RESTRICTION ON ASSISTANCE PURSUANT TO MUTUAL LEGAL ASSISTANCE TREATIES- The
United States shall exercise its rights to limit the use of assistance provided
under all treaties and executive agreements for mutual legal assistance in
criminal matters, multilateral conventions with legal assistance provisions, and
extradition treaties, to which the United States is a party, and in connection
with the execution or issuance of any letter rogatory, to prevent the transfer
to, or other use by, the International Criminal Court of any assistance provided
by the United States under such treaties and letters rogatory. (h)
PROHIBITION ON INVESTIGATIVE ACTIVITIES OF AGENTS- No agent of the International
Criminal Court may conduct, in the United States or any territory subject to the
jurisdiction of the United States, any investigative activity relating to a
preliminary inquiry, investigation, prosecution, or other proceeding at the
International Criminal Court. SEC.
2005. RESTRICTION ON UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION IN CERTAIN UNITED NATIONS
PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS. (a)
POLICY- Effective beginning on the date on which the Rome Statute enters into
force pursuant to Article 126 of the Rome Statute, the President should use the
voice and vote of the United States in the United Nations Security Council to
ensure that each resolution of the Security Council authorizing any peacekeeping
operation under chapter VI of the charter of the United Nations or peace
enforcement operation under chapter VII of the charter of the United Nations
permanently exempts, at a minimum, members of the Armed Forces of the United
States participating in such operation from criminal prosecution or other
assertion of jurisdiction by the International Criminal Court for actions
undertaken by such personnel in connection with the operation. (b)
RESTRICTION- Members of the Armed Forces of the United States may not
participate in any peacekeeping operation under chapter VI of the charter of the
United Nations or peace enforcement operation under chapter VII of the charter
of the United Nations, the creation of which is authorized by the United Nations
Security Council on or after the date that the Rome Statute enters into effect
pursuant to Article 126 of the Rome Statute, unless the President has submitted
to the appropriate congressional committees a certification described in
subsection© with respect to such operation. (c)
CERTIFICATION- The certification referred to in subsection (b) is a
certification by the President that— (2)
members of the Armed Forces of the United States are able to participate in the
peacekeeping or peace enforcement operation without risk of criminal prosecution
or other assertion of jurisdiction by the International Criminal Court because
each country in which members of the Armed Forces of the United States
participating in the operation will be present either is not a party to the
International Criminal Court and has not invoked the jurisdiction of the
International Criminal Court pursuant to Article 12 of the Rome Statute, or has
entered into an agreement in accordance with Article 98 of the Rome Statute
preventing the International Criminal Court from proceeding against members of
the Armed Forces of the United States present in that country; or (3) the
national interests of the United States justify participation by members of the
Armed Forces of the United States in the peacekeeping or peace enforcement
operation. SEC.
2006. PROHIBITION ON DIRECT OR INDIRECT TRANSFER OF CLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY
INFORMATION AND LAW ENFORCEMENT INFORMATION TO THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT. (a) IN
GENERAL- Not later than the date on which the Rome Statute enters into force,
the President shall ensure that appropriate procedures are in place to prevent
the transfer of classified national security information and law enforcement
information to the International Criminal Court for the purpose of facilitating
an investigation, apprehension, or prosecution. (b)
INDIRECT TRANSFER- The procedures adopted pursuant to subsection (a) shall be
designed to prevent the transfer to the United Nations and to the government of
any country that is party to the International Criminal Court of classified
national security information and law enforcement information that specifically
relates to matters known to be under investigation or prosecution by the
International Criminal Court, except to the degree that satisfactory assurances
are received from the United Nations or that government, as the case may be,
that such information will not be made available to the International Criminal
Court for the purpose of facilitating an investigation, apprehension, or
prosecution. (c)
CONSTRUCTION- The provisions of this section shall not be construed to prohibit
any action permitted under section 2008. SEC.
2007. PROHIBITION OF UNITED STATES MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO PARTIES TO THE
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT. (a)
PROHIBITION OF MILITARY ASSISTANCE- Subject to subsections (b) and©, and
effective 1 year after the date on which the Rome Statute enters into force
pursuant to Article 126 of the Rome Statute, no United States military
assistance may be provided to the government of a country that is a party to the
International Criminal Court. (b)
NATIONAL INTEREST WAIVER- The President may, without prior notice to Congress,
waive the prohibition of subsection (a) with respect to a particular country if
he determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that it is
important to the national interest of the United States to waive such
prohibition. (c)
ARTICLE 98 WAIVER- The President may, without prior notice to Congress, waive
the prohibition of subsection (a) with respect to a particular country if he
determines and reports to the appropriate congressional committees that such
country has entered into an agreement with the United States pursuant to Article
98 of the Rome Statute preventing the International Criminal court from
proceeding against United States personnel present in such country. (d)
EXEMPTION- The prohibition of subsection (a) shall not apply to the government
of— (2) a
major non-NATO ally (including Australia, Egypt, Israel, Japan, Jordan,
Argentina, the Republic of Korea, and New Zealand); or (3)
Taiwan. SEC.
2008. AUTHORITY TO FREE MEMBERS OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE UNITED STATES AND
CERTAIN OTHER PERSONS DETAINED OR IMPRISONED BY OR ON BEHALF OF THE
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT. (a)
AUTHORITY- The President is authorized to use all means necessary and
appropriate to bring about the release of any person described in subsection (b)
who is being detained or imprisoned by, on behalf of, or at the request of the
International Criminal Court. (b)
PERSONS AUTHORIZED TO BE FREED- The authority of subsection (a) shall extend to
the following persons: (1)
Covered United States persons. (2)
Covered allied persons. (3)
Individuals detained or imprisoned for official actions taken while the
individual was a covered United States person or a covered allied person, and in
the case of a covered allied person, upon the request of such government. (c)
AUTHORIZATION OF LEGAL ASSISTANCE- When any person described in subsection (b)
is arrested, detained, investigated, prosecuted, or imprisoned by, on behalf of,
or at the request of the International Criminal Court, the President is
authorized to direct any agency of the United States Government to provide— (2)
exculpatory evidence on behalf of that person; and (3)
defense of the interests of the United States through appearance before the
International Criminal Court pursuant to Article 18 or 19 of the Rome Statute,
or before the courts or tribunals of any country. (d)
BRIBES AND OTHER INDUCEMENTS NOT AUTHORIZED- This section does not authorize the
payment of bribes or the provision of other such incentives to induce the
release of a person described in subsection (b). SEC. 2009.
ALLIANCE COMMAND ARRANGEMENTS. (a)
REPORT ON ALLIANCE COMMAND ARRANGEMENTS- Not later than 6 months after the date
of the enactment of this Act, the President should transmit to the appropriate
congressional committees a report with respect to each military alliance to
which the United States is party— (2)
evaluating the degree to which members of the Armed Forces of the United States
engaged in military operations undertaken by or pursuant to that alliance may be
exposed to greater risks as a result of being placed under the command or
operational control of foreign military officers subject to the jurisdiction of
the International Criminal Court. (b)
DESCRIPTION OF MEASURES TO ACHIEVE ENHANCED PROTECTION FOR MEMBERS OF THE ARMED
FORCES OF THE UNITED STATES- Not later than 1 year after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the President should transmit to the appropriate
congressional committees a description of modifications to command and
operational control arrangements within military alliances to which the United
States is a party that could be made in order to reduce any risks to members of
the Armed Forces of the United States identified pursuant to subsection (a)(2). (c)
SUBMISSION IN CLASSIFIED FORM- The report under subsection (a), and the
description of measures under subsection (b), or appropriate parts thereof, may
be submitted in classified form. SEC.
2010. WITHHOLDINGS. Funds
withheld from the United States share of assessments to the United Nations or
any other international organization during any fiscal year pursuant to section
705 of the Admiral James W. Nance and Meg Donovan Foreign Relations
Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 2000 and 2001 (as enacted by section 1000(a)(7)
of Public Law 106-113; 113 Stat. 1501A-460), are authorized to be transferred to
the Embassy Security, Construction and Maintenance Account of the Department of
State. SEC.
2011. APPLICATION OF SECTIONS 2004 AND 2006 TO EXERCISE OF CONSTITUTIONAL
AUTHORITIES. (a) IN
GENERAL- Sections 2004 and 2006 shall not apply to any action or actions with
respect to a specific matter involving the International Criminal Court taken or
directed by the President on a case-by-case basis in the exercise of the
President’s authority as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the United
States under article II, section 2 of the United States Constitution or in the
exercise of the executive power under article II, section 1 of the United States
Constitution. (b)
NOTIFICATION TO CONGRESS- (1) IN
GENERAL- Subject to paragraph (2), not later than 15 days after the President
takes or directs an action or actions described in subsection (a) that would
otherwise be prohibited under section 2004 or 2006, the President shall submit a
notification of such action to the appropriate congressional committees. A
notification under this paragraph shall include a description of the action, a
determination that the action is in the national interest of the United States,
and a justification for the action. (2)
EXCEPTION- If the President determines that a full notification under paragraph
(1) could jeopardize the national security of the United States or compromise a
United States law enforcement activity, not later than 15 days after the
President takes or directs an action or actions referred to in paragraph (1) the
President shall notify the appropriate congressional committees that an action
has been taken and a determination has been made pursuant to this paragraph. The
President shall provide a full notification under paragraph (1) not later than
15 days after the reasons for the determination under this paragraph no longer
apply. (c)
CONSTRUCTION- Nothing in this section shall be construed as a grant of statutory
authority to the President to take any action. SEC. 2012. NONDELEGATION. The
authorities vested in the President by sections 2003 and 2011(a) may not be
delegated by the President pursuant to section 301 of title 3, United States
Code, or any other provision of law. The authority vested in the President by
section 2005©(3) may not be delegated by the President pursuant to section 301
of title 3, United States Code, or any other provision of law to any official
other than the Secretary of Defense, and if so delegated may not be subdelegated. SEC.
2013. DEFINITIONS. As used
in this title and in section 706 of the Admiral James W. Nance and Meg Donovan
Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 2000 and 2001: (1)
APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES- The term `appropriate congressional
committees’ means the Committee on International Relations of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. (2)
CLASSIFIED NATIONAL SECURITY INFORMATION- The term `classified national security
information’ means information that is classified or classifiable under
Executive Order 12958 or a successor Executive order. (3)
COVERED ALLIED PERSONS- The term `covered allied persons’ means military
personnel, elected or appointed officials, and other persons employed by or
working on behalf of the government of a NATO member country, a major non-NATO
ally (including Australia, Egypt, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Argentina, the Republic
of Korea, and New Zealand), or Taiwan, for so long as that government is not a
party to the International Criminal Court and wishes its officials and other
persons working on its behalf to be exempted from the jurisdiction of the
International Criminal Court. (4)
COVERED UNITED STATES PERSONS- The term `covered United States persons’ means
members of the Armed Forces of the United States, elected or appointed officials
of the United States Government, and other persons employed by or working on
behalf of the United States Government, for so long as the United States is not
a party to the International Criminal Court. (5)
EXTRADITION- The terms `extradition’ and `extradite’ mean the extradition of
a person in accordance with the provisions of chapter 209 of title 18, United
States Code, (including section 3181(b) of such title) and such terms include
both extradition and surrender as those terms are defined in Article 102 of the
Rome Statute. (6)
INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT- The term `International Criminal Court’ means
the court established by the Rome Statute. (7)
MAJOR NON-NATO ALLY- The term `major non-NATO ally’ means a country that has
been so designated in accordance with section 517 of the Foreign Assistance Act
of 1961. (8)
PARTICIPATE IN ANY PEACEKEEPING OPERATION UNDER CHAPTER VI OF THE CHARTER OF THE
UNITED NATIONS OR PEACE ENFORCEMENT OPERATION UNDER CHAPTER VII OF THE CHARTER
OF THE UNITED NATIONS- The term `participate in any peacekeeping operation under
chapter VI of the charter of the United Nations or peace enforcement operation
under chapter VII of the charter of the United Nations’ means to assign
members of the Armed Forces of the United States to a United Nations military
command structure as part of a peacekeeping operation under chapter VI of the
charter of the United Nations or peace enforcement operation under chapter VII
of the charter of the United Nations in which those members of the Armed Forces
of the United States are subject to the command or operational control of one or
more foreign military officers not appointed in conformity with article II,
section 2, clause 2 of the Constitution of the United States. (9)
PARTY TO THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT- The term `party to the International
Criminal Court’ means a government that has deposited an instrument of
ratification, acceptance, approval, or accession to the Rome Statute, and has
not withdrawn from the Rome Statute pursuant to Article 127 thereof. (10)
PEACEKEEPING OPERATION UNDER CHAPTER VI OF THE CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS OR
PEACE ENFORCEMENT OPERATION UNDER CHAPTER VII OF THE CHARTER OF THE UNITED
NATIONS- The term `peacekeeping operation under chapter VI of the charter of the
United Nations or peace enforcement operation under chapter VII of the charter
of the United Nations’ means any military operation to maintain or restore
international peace and security that— (B) is
paid for from assessed contributions of United Nations members that are made
available for peacekeeping or peace enforcement activities. (11)
ROME STATUTE- The term `Rome Statute’ means the Rome Statute of the
International Criminal Court, adopted by the United Nations Diplomatic
Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International
Criminal Court on July 17, 1998. (12)
SUPPORT- The term `support’ means assistance of any kind, including financial
support, transfer of property or other material support, services, intelligence
sharing, law enforcement cooperation, the training or detail of personnel, and
the arrest or detention of individuals. (13)
UNITED STATES MILITARY ASSISTANCE- The term `United States military
assistance’ means— (B)
defense articles or defense services furnished with the financial assistance of
the United States Government, including through loans and guarantees, under
section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2763). SEC.
2014. REPEAL OF LIMITATION. The
Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2002 (division A of Public Law
107-117) is amended by striking section 8173. SEC.
2015. ASSISTANCE TO INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS. Nothing
in this title shall prohibit the United States from rendering assistance to
international efforts to bring to justice Saddam Hussein, Slobodan Milosovic,
Osama bin Laden, other members of Al Queda, leaders of Islamic Jihad, and other
foreign nationals accused of genocide, war crimes or crimes against humanity. TITLE
III—OTHER MATTERS This Act
may be cited as the `2002 Supplemental Appropriations Act for Further Recovery
From and Response To Terrorist Attacks on the United States’. Speaker
of the House of Representatives. Vice
President of the United States and President of the Senate. END |
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